Endotoxin injection decreased plasma LH concentration (25% pinjection significantly decreased GnRH and GnRHR mRNAs levels in the preoptic area (40%, p We also determined the effect of LPS on luteinizing hormone (LH) release. The present study was designed to examine the effect of intravenous (i.v.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection on the expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) genes in the hypothalamic structures where GnRH neurons are located as well as in the anterior pituitary gland (AP) of anestrous ewes. Nonetheless, the major impact is thought to occur within the brain or the pituitary gland. An immune/inflammatory challenge can affect reproduction at the level of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, or gonads.
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